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From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (05 January 2017) [foldoc]:
declarative language
Any relational language or functional language.
These kinds of programming language describe relationships
between variables in terms of functions or {inference
rules}, and the language executor (interpreter or
compiler) applies some fixed algorithm to these relations
to produce a result.
Declarative languages contrast with imperative languages
which specify explicit manipulation of the computer's internal
state; or procedural languages which specify an explicit
sequence of steps to follow.
The most common examples of declarative languages are {logic
programming} languages such as Prolog and {functional
languages} like Haskell.
See also production system.
(2004-05-17)